Thin film coatings for deep UV wavelengths are predominately produced by evaporation methods (thermal and Ebeam). Factors limiting the performance of evaporated films include surface roughness, ...

Ion beam modification harnesses energetic ions to engineer the atomic and electronic structure of atomically thin materials. By precisely controlling ion species, energy and fluence, researchers can ...

Ion beam lithography is used to create fine nanostructures on a surface, such as circuit boards. It can be used to directly write on the material, rather than using a photomask, as in photolithography ...

Thin films play a crucial role in the fabrication of several components and devices, such as protective coatings, integrated circuits, solar cells, and optical ...

Precisely quantifying metal oxide samples’ chemical compositions with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) may be adversely impacted by adventitious carbon contamination, which is often found on the ...

Broad-beam ion etching folds flat nanostructures into 3D photonic devices across a 4-inch wafer while preserving speed, uniformity, and optical function. (Nanowerk Spotlight) 3D photonic devices face ...